Human Activity and Human healthily with Black Tea

Antioxidant-rich foods like black tea, chocolate, and berries may increase risk for certain cancers, new study finds 



It is a fact that has long baffled doctors: Cancer in the small intestine is quite rare, whereas colorectal cancer, a neighboring though much smaller organ, is one of the leading causes of cancer death for men and women. What is it about the colon that seems to attract cancer? To answer this question, Professor Yinon Ben-Neriah at Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU)'s Lautenberg Center for Immunology and Cancer Research and his team led by Dr. Eliran Kadosh, found that cancer mutations are not necessarily bad actors in and of themselves. In fact, in certain micro-environments like the gut, these mutations can actually help the body to fight cancer, not spread it. However, if the gut microbiome produces high levels of metabolites, like those found in certain bacteria and antioxidant-rich foods like black tea and hot cocoa, then it acts as a particularly hospitable environment to mutated genes and will accelerate the growth of bowel cancers. Their breakthrough findings were published today in Nature. Ben-Neriah and his team kept gut microbiomes in mind as they took a closer look at gastrointestinal cancers, and may have found the reason why only 2% of cancers take root in the small intestine, whereas a whopping 98% of cancers take place in the colon. One major difference between these two organs is their levels of gut bacteria: the small intestine contains few, whereas the colon contains multitudes. "Scientists are beginning to pay more and more attention to the role gut microbiomes play in our health: both their positive effects and, in this case, their sometimes pernicious role in aiding and abetting disease," explained Ben-Neriah. A little background: TP53 is a gene found in every cell. It produces a protein called p53 which acts as the cell's barrier, suppressing genetic mutations in the cell. However, when p53 becomes damaged, it no longer protects the cell; quite the opposite: It drives the cancer, helping tumors spread and grow. To test their theory that gut flora was at play, the researchers introduced mutated p53 ("cancer-driving") proteins into the gut. Amazingly, the small intestine reacted by converting the mutated p53 cancer driver back to normal p53, turning into "super-suppressors" that were better at suppressing cancer growth than healthy p53 proteins. However, when mutated p53 was introduced into the colon, they did no switcheroo but stayed true to their driving-cancer nature and promoted the cancerous spread. "We were riveted by what we saw," recalls Ben-Neriah. "The gut bacteria had a Jekyll and Hyde effect on the mutated p53 proteins. In the small bowel they totally switched course and attacked the cancerous cells, whereas in the colon they promoted the cancerous growth." To further test their theory that gut flora was a major factor as to why mutated p53 were acting as tumor blockers in the small bowel but tumor accelerants in the colon, the scientists administered antibiotics to kill off the colon's gut flora. Once they did, the mutated p53 was not able to go on its cancer spree. What's in this flora that makes colon cancer spread so quickly? A close analysis identified the culprit: gut flora that produces metabolites, aka "antioxidants", which are found in high concentrations in foods such as black tea, hot chocolate, nuts and berries. Tellingly, when the scientists fed mice an antioxidant-rich diet, their gut flora accelerated p53's cancer-driver mode. This finding is of particular concern to those patients with a family history of colorectal cancer. "Scientifically speaking, this is new territory. We were astonished to see the extent to which microbiomes affect cancer mutations—in some cases, entirely changing their nature," shared Ben-Neriah. Looking towards the future, those at high-risk of colorectal cancer may want to screen their gut-flora more frequently and think twice about the foods they digest, antioxidant and otherwise. More information: The gut microbiome switches mutant p53 from tumor-suppressive to oncogenic, Nature (2020). DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2541-0 , www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2541-0 Citation: Antioxidant-rich foods like black tea, chocolate, and berries may increase risk for certain cancers, new study finds (2020, July 29) retrieved 2 August 2020 from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-07-antioxidant-rich-foods-black-tea-chocolate.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.
Ready-to-Drink (RTD) Tea in Africa: An Industry Assessment 2020-2025 
DUBLIN, July 30, 2020 /PRNewswire/ -- The "Africa Ready to Drink Tea Market - Growth, Trends, and Forecasts (2020-2025)" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. The African ready-to-drink tea market is projected to grow at a CAGR of 1.8% during the forecast period (2020-2025). The market is majorly driven by the rising demand for RTD beverages in the region, along with an increase in the innovations at ingredient levels, and launches of new products such as flavored RTD tea drinks, carbonated RTD tea, and caffeine-free RTD tea. In addition, the market is supported by the health and wellness trend among consumers in the region, especially South Africa. In line with health trends, green tea and rooibos variants of RTD tea are gaining momentum, given their perceived additional health benefits including a high concentration of antioxidants. However, the presence of various substitutes such as energy drinks, and other RTD carbonated drinks, etc. are the major restraints of the market. Key Market Trends Rising Demand for Black Tea Black Tea is witnessed to have a significant growth in its demand in African countries, especially Kenya. This demand in the market is because the country is a major contributor to black tea blends for generations, which has geared up the marketing efforts of RTD black tea manufacturers. Furthermore, rising awareness of the nutritional benefits of black tea over regular tea makes it a preferred choice, after green tea in the region. Black tea is a good source of antioxidants, reduces blood pressure, reduces the risk of diabetes and other conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, and Parkinson's disease, and many others. In addition, growing health awareness of the consumers and the ongoing wellness trends, along with convenience are some of the other driving factors influencing to enlarge the RTD black tea market in the coming years. Supermarket/Hypermarkets to Drive Sales for RTD Tea in the Region The distribution of RTD tea has expanded through many channels, such as supermarkets, hypermarkets, grocery stores, specialist stores, convenience stores, etc. Among the numerous outlets available, grocery stores are preferred in the countries as it has varied varieties of RTD of different companies along with catering to consumer's preferences, which is anticipated to drive the market growth in the future. The increase in demographics spending, ease, and convenience through supermarket purchases is expected to pave a strong pathway for RTD tea manufacturers to penetrate, particularly in the developing countries, where these stores are being set in large numbers. With the increasing demand for RTD tea, supermarkets, and hypermarkets such as Carrefour, SPAR, Pick 'n Pay, and convenience stores are witnessing a fast growth in the sales of their market. Competitive Landscape The Africa RTD tea market is consolidated in nature having fewer domestic and multinational players competing for market share. Emphasis is given on the merger, expansion, acquisition, and partnership of the companies along with new product development as strategic approaches adopted by the leading companies to boost their brand presence among consumers. For instance, Bos Brands (Pty) Ltd benefitted from its distribution partnership with leading packaged food manufacturer Rhodes Food Group with brand BOS Ice Tea gaining further share in 2019. Key players dominating the regional market include Unilever, BOS Brands, The Coca-Cola Company, and San Benedetto S.p.A. among others. Key Topics Covered 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Study Deliverables and Study Assumptions 1.2 Scope of the Study 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 MARKET DYNAMICS 4.1 Market Drivers 4.2 Market Restraints 4.3 Porter's Five Forces Analysis 5 MARKET SEGMENTATION 5.1 By Type 5.1.1 Green Tea 5.1.2 Black Tea 5.1.3 Others 5.2 By Distribution Channel 5.2.1 Supermarket/Hypermarket 5.2.2 Convenience Stores 5.2.3 Online Stores 5.2.4 Others 5.3 By Geography 5.3.1 South Africa 5.3.2 Nigeria 5.3.3 Egypt 5.3.4 Rest of Africa 6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE 6.1 Most Adopted Strategies 6.2 Market Position Analysis 6.3 Company Profiles 6.3.1 Unilever 6.3.2 BOS Brands 6.3.3 The Coca-Cola Company 6.3.4 San Benedetto S.p.A. 6.3.5 Kenya Tea Packers Limited 7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/9zl6na Research and Markets also offers Custom Research services providing focused, comprehensive and tailored research. Media Contact: Research and Markets Laura Wood, Senior Manager press@researchandmarkets.com For E.S.T Office Hours Call +1-917-300-0470 For U.S./CAN Toll Free Call +1-800-526-8630 For GMT Office Hours Call +353-1-416-8900 U.S. Fax: 646-607-1907 Fax (outside U.S.): +353-1-481-1716 View original content:http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/ready-to-drink-rtd-tea-in-africa-an-industry-assessment-2020-2025-301102950.html SOURCE Research and Markets
Everything you need to start a soothing loose-leaf tea drinking habit 
The experience of brewing tea has changed very little over the centuries. It doesn’t need to. This simple pleasure has been proven to help reduce the stress response and aid in recovering from stressful experiences. (Hello, Covid-19, we see you!) For Julie DeBord, master tea blender and production manager at Mountain Rose Herbs, tea — specifically loose-leaf tea — is calm. With a background in nutrition and nearly 20 years of experience in the tea trade, DeBord cites tea as an integral part of her well-being. “One of the beauties of loose-leaf tea is the process of brewing it,” she says. “It makes you slow down — you’re not just grabbing a tea bag and running out the door. The ritual of making and drinking tea helps with stress and anxiety by giving you a moment to breathe, feel its warmth, be calm and be more mindful.” In addition to appreciating the ritual of brewing loose-leaf tea, DeBord prefers it because of its purity. “With loose-leaf tea, the quality of the herbs is much higher,” she says. “You can see all the ingredients — they haven’t been overly processed by cutting them small enough to fit inside that tiny tea bag.” “The more you cut your herbs,” she continues, “the more susceptible the herbs become to degrading and sometimes gives them a shorter shelf life. I find loose-leaf tea is more beautiful — you can see whole flowers and spices, and it has a richer flavor and taste profile than a tea bag.” Explore the ancient ritual of loose-leaf tea and test its stress-reducing qualities with these modern blends, subscription services and accessories. For Her Tea Blend (starting at $13; artoftea.com) Ingredients: organic shatavari, organic fennel, roses, green rooibos, organic lavender, chrysanthemum, organic hibiscus, natural flavors A flavorful blend intended to help alleviate the symptoms brought on by various hormonal cycles and, at the very least, bring some comfort. Silver Needle White Tea (starting at $6; californiateahouse.com) Known as the “high society” white tea from the Fuding and Zhenghe districts of China’s Fujian province, Silver Needle offers a sweet, clean flavor profile and contains approximately 30 to 55 milligrams of caffeine per cup. Chai Collection ($16.80, originally $24; teabox.com) The beloved spiced black tea of India, chai has become a staple among tea connoisseurs the world over. Teabox has put together a collection of eight authentic chai blends, each offering a unique palette of warm, deep flavors. 21st Century Tea Blend (starting at $6.50; mountainroseherbs.com) Ingredients: organic nettle leaf, organic red clover blossoms, organic elderberries, organic alfalfa leaf, organic red clover herb, organic St. John’s wort, organic sage, organic ginger root Believed by many, including DeBord, to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, nettle leaf finds its way into many of Mountain Rose Herbs’ tea blends. This particular blend claims to strengthen one’s immune system during times of stress and seasons of discontent. Sleep Tea Blend (starting at $15; artoftea.com) Ingredients: organic chamomile, organic spearmint, organic lemon balm, organic valerian, organic lemongrass, organic passionflower, organic rose petals Bright, minty and smooth, this relaxing nighttime tea contains valerian root, a well-known natural sleep aid. Darjeeling Special Summer Oolong Tea (starting at $3; teabox.com) Darjeeling Special Summer Oolong Tea With notes of wood, spice and orange blossom, this bright, summery tea can be enjoyed hot or brewed into a lively iced tea. Liu Bao Basket Tea (starting at $10; generationtea.com) Liu Bao, or “six forts,” tea is grown in China’s Guangxi province and is traditionally aged in handwoven baskets. An ancient tea that is still enjoyed today, Liu Bao is unique in that it is semi-fermented, with vintage varieties — from the 1960s, for example — fetching exorbitantly high prices. The Blues Tea Blend (starting at $6.75; mountainroseherbs.com) Ingredients: organic nettle leaf, organic St. John’s wort, organic spearmint leaf, organic damiana leaf, organic valerian root Getting “the blues” is a part of the human experience. According to DeBord, this flavorful blend was created with the intention of elevating one’s mood. “The Blues blend would be a nice one during these times,” she says. “I touched on how wonderfully supportive nettle is, and it is the first ingredient in this blend.” Art of Tea’s Tea of the Month Club (starting at $70 for 3 months; artoftea.com) Art of Tea's Tea of the Month Club A subscription plan that offers tea classics, rare finds and specialty blends. Dollar Tea Club (starting at $1 per month; theteaclub.com) One of the most affordable tea subscription services, Dollar Tea Club touts direct-trade and ethically sourced teas for a wide range of palates. They also offer unique accessories such as compostable tea pouches. The $1 per month subscription delivers three different blends that will provide a total of about nine cups of tea each month. The California Tea House Tea Club (starting at $14 per month; californiateahouse.com) The California Tea House Tea Club Choose from five different flavor plans and four different weight offerings. So, whether you’re strictly a green tea drinker on weekends or want to experience a variety of leaves multiple times per day, there’s a plan for you. Toptier Japanese Cast-Iron Teapot With Stainless Steel Infuser ($45.99; amazon.com) Toptier Japanese Cast-Iron Teapot With Stainless Steel Infuser Cast-iron teapots have been around for hundreds of years. We are loving this updated spin on the classic that combines an antique art form with modern design. This teapot comes in several colors and patterns to choose from, but we’re eyeing the pink and green options. Yoassi FDA-Approved 18/8 Stainless Steel Tea Infuser Mesh Strainer ($7.99, originally $8.99; amazon.com) Yoassi FDA Approved 18/8 Stainless Steel Tea Infuser Mesh Strainer Our editors swear by this as a simple way to turn any cup or teapot into a loose-leaf tea experience. It is dishwasher-safe, and the mesh is fine enough that very few tea particles end up in the brewed tea. Mueller Premium 1500W Electric Kettle With SpeedBoil Tech ($25.97; amazon.com) Mueller Premium 1500W Electric Kettle With SpeedBoil Tech The workhorse of water boiling, this Mueller electric kettle is built to last and will boil water lightning-quick. It boasts more than 5,000 5-star reviews on Amazon, with one reviewer saying, “This is the most efficient electric kettle I’ve ever used.” CoBak Tea Infuser Mug With Lid in English White ($25.95; amazon.com) CoBak Tea Infuser Mug With Lid in English White Style up your tea infusion game with this cool mug that comes with a built-in (and removable) tea infuser. Pure Zen Tea Tumbler With Infuser ($34.95, originally $40.75; amazon.com) Pure Zen Tea Tumbler With Infuser If your tea needs to travel, this infuser bottle will fit perfectly in a car cup holder or backpack side pocket. The infuser piece is removable and can be replaced with a plain base to prevent the tea from getting bitter, or for using the bottle for other drinks on the go. It comes with a neoprene sleeve and is double-walled so that the temperature stays consistent inside longer. Ember 10-Ounce Temperature Control Smart Mug in White ($109.99; amazon.com) Ember 10-Ounce Temperature Control Smart Mug in White After properly brewing tea, transfer it to an Ember mug to keep it at the optimal temperature all day by using the coaster — aka Charger — or for up to an hour on its own. Biodegradable Filter Bags, 100-Count ($9; artoftea.com) Biodegradable Filter Bags, 100-Count An eco-friendly option for those who want to combine the quality of loose-leaf tea with the convenience of single-serving tea bags. Fellow Stagg EKG Electric Pour-Over Kettle in Polished ($149; amazon.com) Fellow Stagg EKG Electric Pour-Over Kettle in Polished Speaking of elevating the tea experience with modern design, this electric kettle will boil water but also look amazing on the countertop when not in use. It comes in polished metal or matte black. 2-Quart Iced Tea Kit ($35; artoftea.com) Perfect for summertime, this iced tea kit includes a 66-ounce BPA-free Takeya iced tea pitcher and four 2-quart iced tea pouches of your choosing. Meraki Teapot ($20.69, originally $29.99; teabox.com) A convenient and eco-friendly accessory to brew your favorite loose-leaf tea. Modern Double-Wall Glass Insulated Teacups, Set of 4 ($14.99; amazon.com) Modern Double-Wall Glass Insulated Teacups, Set of 4 These small and elegant double-walled tea glasses probably make mindfully drinking tea feel like the ritual it is meant to be. They’re just the right size for a few sips so that you can use your favorite teapot to refill as needed. Artisan Muslin Tea Bags, 15-Pack ($5.50; teabox.com) Artisan Muslin Tea Bags, 15-Pack Can be used to brew a single serving or an entire pitcher of loose-leaf tea. The best part is that these artisanal tea bags are reusable. Le Creuset Enamel-on-Steel Demi Tea Kettle in Caribbean ($69.95; amazon.com) Le Creuset Enamel-on-Steel Demi Tea Kettle in Caribbean Add a little bit of color to your tea ritual with a colorful Le Creuset stovetop tea kettle. We’re loving the Caribbean and Flame colors, but really, they’re all good. Note: The prices above reflect the retailers’ listed prices at the time of publication.
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